1. These three words can be commonly used interchangeably.
분명한 증거/ 명확한 증거/ 뚜렷한 증거
2. Especially for 분명하다, 명확하다, I would say these are the exactly same meanings
and you don't need to hava any worry about using them interchangeably.
However, 분명 can be more casually used in daily conversation.
ex) 그가 오고 있는 게 분명해. It's certain that he's coming.
당신의 의견을 명확하게 밝혀 주세요. You should voice out your opinion clearly.
3. There is just one thing to let you know between the two.
분명히 말하는데, 분명하게 말씀드립니다. are more idiomatic expressions.
When you want others to listen to you and not forget what you're saying,
you can say those as a warning. But, this can be a threat depending on a context.
ex)분명히 말씀드리는데, 먹이는 하루 두 번만 주세요. 아니면 죽어요.
(I'm warning you. Feed them only two times a day, or they die.)
Or if you want others to be aware of the fact that you've already warned them,
and the result is not your fault, you could say in a past tense. 분명히 말했다.
ex) 스키탈 때, 고글을 착용하라고 분명히 말씀드렸어요.
(I've wanred you that you need to wear goggles when skiing.)
---->In this case, 뚜렷 sounds awkward. 명확 can be used but 분명 sounds more natural.
4. we commonly use '뚜렷하다' when describing someone's face.
If someone has clear-cut features in his/her face, we would say 이목구비가 뚜렷하다.
In this case, you could say 분명, 명확 but I think 뚜렷 would sound more natural.
This is a kind of idiomatic phrase.
To a simple conclusion, it might be easier to understand like this.
분명 can be used commonly, casually, and can replace 명확, 뚜렷
명확 is a little less casual.
뚜렷 can describe some features or lines.