I would appreciate if you could check the following English text Our future computing will be in the style of the "cloud computing", since only limited number of groups, such as governments and huge industries, will be able to possess super computers. How can a server of the cloud computing assure the security of a client's privacy in the cloud computing? The concept of the ABC provides the solution.

Is "a" necessary in the following text? The word "apple" used in the previous version of this manuscript can be confused with the computer company. Therefore, throughout this manuscript, "apple" is replaced with "orange" in order to avoid such confusion. In the above text, "in order to avoid such confusion" should be "in order to avoid such a confusion"? In other words, "a" is necessary? Thank you in advance. :)

Usage of ``say" Does ``say" mean ``let's temporary call it as xxxxxx." ? For example, let us consider the following text. ===== They have also pointed out that a network in which each PC is connected to m other PCs, say m-connected network, can be created in an efficient way. ===== Here, the ``say" means ``let's call such a network m-connected network". But I think this usage of ``say" is wrong. I think just close the word ``m-connected network" by () is sufficient, i.e., say m-connected network -> (m-connected network). Or, I think to use namely instead of say would be better, i.e., say m-connected netowrk -> namely, m-connected network Am I right? If you know better another option than () and namely, please let me know. Thank you in advance.

Despite+however Orange is cheap. It is also good for health. Despite these facts, orange is, however, not so evaluated in Asia. I think the existence of ``however" in the above text is redundant, and therefore it should be removed. How do you think? Thank you in advance.

Difference between below and later Let us consider following example of a formal scientific paper. ------------- Apple is red. Lemon is yellow. bla bla bla... Below we will discuss about fish. I like pig because it's cute. bla bla bla.. I bought a mountain yesterday. bla bla bla.... Let us discuss about fish. All fishes are divided into three categories. First, bla bla bla... -------------------- In the above example, I think the word ``Below" should be replaced with ``Later", since ``Below" sounds like the discussion about fish will be immediately started but actually the discussion about fish is postponed later. Am I right? Thank you in advance.

Difference between consider and concern I would appreciate if you could let me know the difference. I think basically both of them just mean ``think". However, the former is neutral and academical, whereas the latter sounds like worrying some unpleasant problem in a usual life. For example, consider a mathematical problem, consider the performance of an algorithm, etc. On the other hand, concern an illness, concern a lack of money, etc.. Am I right?

I would appreciate if you could check the following my text First of all, I would like to thank two referees for carefully reading my manuscript and making many valuable comments, which will definitely improve my manuscript. Followings are replies to the comments by two referees. Summary of changes is also given at the bottom.

seem and seem to be What is a difference between "seem" and "seem to be"? For example, "You seem to be bored" and "you seem bored".

Listening English with strong accents Assume that I am talking with two people Alice and Bob in English. Alice comes from, say Russia, and Bob comes from, say Italy. (There is no reason why I choose these two countries. Just I randomly chosen them.) I cannot understand what Alice and Bob are saying, since their accents are very strong. However, Alice and Bob seem to understand with each other, although their accents are different from with each other. I often come upon such a situation. Is there any reason why European people are good at understanding English with different kinds of strong accents? I think what they learn at schools is only British or American English. (It's unlikely that they are provided some special lectures for understanding, say German English....) How can I improve the ability of understanding English with strong accents?