You know the word turn and you know the word off, but "turn off" can still feel like a mystery. Many languages use one single verb for each action, so learners translate word for word and sound stiff: "Please extinguish the light", "Relax yourself", "I will clean the room completely". Others drop the small word, as in "Turn the TV", or put it in the wrong place: "Turn off it". In this episode: • On and off: connected or disconnected • Up and down: finished, more, less • In and out: enter, away, discovered • Where the object goes • A saturday scene • Practice • Self-check questions with answers Key phrases from this episode: turn on the light — start it turn off the light — stop it Turn the TV off. — neutral put on your jacket — start wearing it take off your shoes — remove them The power's off. — there's no electricity Hold on. — wait a moment (casual, often on the phone) Go on. — continue call off the picnic — cancel it; you disconnect the plan Clean up your room. — clean it completely Eat up, it's getting cold. — eat it all (casual) We used up the milk. — there's none left fill up the water bottle — fill it to the top Speak up. — talk louder turn up the music — make it louder hurry up — go faster wake up, get up — out of sleep, out of bed calm down — become calm turn down the volume — make it quieter slow down — go slower write it down — put it on paper The washing machine broke down. — it stopped working take out the trash — carry it away from the house throw out the old bread — put it in the trash figure out — understand after thinking: I can't figure out this remote. Season 2 · Real American English: the complete spoken course for learners worldwide — accent, everyday grammar, prepositions, articles, phrasal verbs, idioms, slang and real conversations at home. Listen, repeat out loud, then take the 52-question quiz. Audio voiced with AI from an original script by Dr. Rashmi R Nair.