The manufacturing process of cement and concrete The two process diagrams illustrate the process of cement production and how it is used to create concrete. There are 5 main steps in the manufacture of cement, which begins with putting limestone and clay into a crusher to be crushed into powder. In the second step, the raw material is delivered to a mixer, so that the power can be mixed fully. After being transported to a rotating heater, the mixture is heated with fired. After that, it is ground by a grinder, before the cement is created. Finally, it can be sold in markets through being packaged with bags. In the process of concrete production, cement is one of the four major ingredients, which is mixed with water, sand and gravel in proportion of 15% : 10% : 25% : 50% in a concrete mixer. After a certain period of time, concrete is ready for construction. As can be seen, cement is a key component of concrete, whose manufacturing operation is relevantly more complex than concrete's.