For clarity, I will call the man X and his own father Y. "Different from his own" is an adjective phrase that modifies "father". Thus, the sentence says that "X is different from Y".
The sentence also says X is kind and caring. Since the sentence says X is different from Y, that suggests that Y was perhaps not kind and caring. However, that is only a suggestion. The sentence does not actually say that Y was not kind and caring.