"There you go" can have a few different meanings.
Sometimes people say it when they give you something; in this case, it's similar to 给你吧 or "Here's the thing that you wanted"
For example, if you ask your friend to lend you a book and he goes to look for it, when he comes back he might give you the book and say "there you go!" or "here you go!" or even "here/there you are!"
Other times it is used when you are learning something or figuring something out. For example, if someone is teaching you how to dance, and you do a move correctly for the first time, your teacher might say "There you go!" In this case, it is more similar to "Good job!" or "Now you're getting it!"
Similarly, if someone is helping you with a math problem for example, they might explain how to solve the problem. If you start doing the problems correctly, they can say "There you go!"
Another less common situation in which this expression might be used is if you are watching a video of yourself or something. When you walk across the screen in the video, your friend might say "Look! There you go!" In this case, it actually means "You're going there."
I hope that helps!