mainland，shanghai, shenzhen and fujian -dialect or substandard?
hey, do these above mentioned are dialects or substandard variants of mandarin chinese?
do people in shanghai speak a dialect form?
especially, in shenzhen and fujian, what are the differences in spoken language with mandarin?

Question

mainland，shanghai, shenzhen and fujian  -dialect or substandard?
hey, do these above mentioned are dialects or substandard variants of mandarin chinese? 
do people in shanghai speak a dialect form?
especially, in shenzhen and fujian, what are the differences in spoken language with mandarin?

Answer

Well.. I want to attach a question... do you feel 普通話 is the easiest chinese language to study? I say it because I found 廣東話 and 閩南話 has 8 tones, as well as 四川話 which has more than 5 tones.

Answer

In Shenzhen they speak Cantones, in Fujian they speak Hokkien (Also named as Min), and in Shanghai, they speak Shanghainese(a variety of Goetian, goetian is also named as Wu). They are different languages linguistically. None of them is dialect of Mandarin.

Answer

Yes there are 8 main dialects Stem from mandarin. Besides there are some,minority languages out of HAN Minority.

Answer

in Mainland they speak Chinese, the official language of China
in Shanghai they speak Shanghainese
in Shenzhen they speak Cantonese
about Fujian -- no idea, never been there

whether to call them languages, dialects or regional varieties -- as you wish

Answer

yes,,,,In the past 700 years ,,,Beijing is the capital,,,as the center of China,,its language is most powerful ,,,, Mandarin came from Beijing's  dialect.And Nothern China 's main  dialects are similar with Mandarin . Shanghai and Fujian,and Shenzhen's,,,of course difficult,,,,,,but they can speak Mandarin,,,,,

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