Yes, as a teacher to foreign language students one becomes accustomed to pronunciations like these. Foreign students learning English all have their own particular pronunciation problems. Because a particular sound they have to make in English is not a sound that they would commonly use in their native language.

Yes, such "Chinglish" expressions are easily recognized. Most Americans accept them as something of the "accent" of a foreign speaker, and will not really care about it. It is easy to understand what you are saying. It also serves as an illustration of the common problem amongst foreign speakers, in that they presume, falsely, that they have to speak perfectly to be understood. That is not the case at all. If an American understands most of the words you use, they can quickly figure out the rest for you. Perfectionist standards are not culturally a very popular think. .

Correction: Last word is "thing"

We (native speakers) will try our best to understand what you say, but it depends on the person. If your English grammar and pronunciation is "off" (improper), and the other person is also a non-native English speaker, then that other person is more likely to misunderstand you. I'm simply relating the experience of my business English students who have to use English with non-native speakers from different countries. Don't rely on the other person's English ability to compensate for your own mistakes.