Instead of asking
「えきはどこですか?」or 「えきはどこにありますか?」
You can also ask,
「えきへのいきかたをおしえてください。」{Please tell me the way to the station.}
「えきはどっちの方向ですか?」{Can you tell me which way is the station.}
All of the above are pretty common when you ask for a direction.
But the rest of the words you mentioned are not used for asking for directions.
指示 means instructions, so it is not used to ask for directions.
向き means the way you/something is facing
方角 is mainly used for a point the compass so just north/east/west/south
方面 means a district or XX方面 can mean a train bound for XX.
Hope it helps!