Евгений
Insegnante professionista
Must have bought or had to buy? Why? Can we use 'must have bought' here, considering this situation as an obligation which comes from the speaker (I must have bought it)? So, before I took the bus to school I a)must have bought a new notebook b) had to buy a new notebook. Thanks in advance!
1 ago 2017 20:18
Risposte · 6
4
a) "had to + infinitive" is for past obligations. b) "must have + past participle" refers to logical deductions about the past e.g. I can't find my cup! Where did I leave it? Oh... I remember now, I was drinking tea while making the lunch. I must have left it in the kitchen - I'll go and check there.
1 agosto 2017
Must have bought a noteboook is not correct. Had to buy a notebook is better. A better exampe would be; Before I started school, I had to buy a book.
1 agosto 2017
Thanks a lot Gary!
2 agosto 2017
Following on from Michael's answer, if you are logically deducing from 'must have bought' - you have a situation where you are deducing from the fact that there is a notebook there, that you must have bought it (and didn't remember buying it!). That's not incorrect, but it is very very unlikely. The second version is more likely, but I think that most people would say 'Before I could take the bus to school, I had to buy a new notebook', as going to school is conditional on getting the notebook.
1 agosto 2017
Non hai ancora trovato le tue risposte?
Scrivi le tue domande e lascia che i madrelingua ti aiutino!
Евгений
Competenze linguistiche
Cinese (mandarino), Inglese, Francese, Russo, Spagnolo, Vietnamita
Lingua di apprendimento
Cinese (mandarino), Inglese, Francese, Spagnolo, Vietnamita