Either of your two choices in brackets are fine. Probably "we share" is slightly more common. You can drop the "the" so it would be "In this article, we share details about [or of] the comet".

As far as the tense goes, there are several that could work. (‘give’ and ‘describe’ are also good words. ‘Share’ is good too but has a different feel) We share (most professional, journalistic. Only in writing) We will share We will be giving Today I’m going to describe (what you’d say if you are giving a speech) The tenses have slightly different feels. Are you closer to or further from the reader? Are you leading them through a narrative or are you presenting them a fixed piece of information?

In American English, we would say in this sentence... we will be sharing...