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跟我趣味学汉语（一）——区分词语“口味”、“味道”、“气味”，“味儿”
“口味”、“味道”与“气味”，“味儿”
一、词语含义的趣味解读
口味——口、大嘴巴；某样东西经过嘴巴的感觉，这种感觉的确定名词是“滋味”；
味道——味字型中的偏旁“口”比较小，更像是鼻孔通道（嗅），但也可以是嘴巴；
气味——气、气体，气体散发出来的，被嗅到的；
味儿——“味”加了儿化音，“儿”此处轻声，省略了其他字，可以是上述三个词的任意一个的缩读。
二、用法区别如下：
口味——只能用于经过嘴巴的，不能用于形容经过鼻子的，可用形容食物、或液体饮料等，或品尝某样东西的柑橘，“口味”只能是形容的滋味的，坚决不能用于形容气体；
味道——应用范围很广，既可以是滋味也可以是气体的味道；“味道”用于非食品时，大多指的是散发出的气体的味道。“味道”用于食物的时候，可以是气味也可以是滋味；
气味——只能是气体散发出来的味道，不能是经过嘴巴品尝的滋味；
味儿——用法上，这个词能代替上述三个词的任意一个。
三、示例：
这几个词的其他用法也有点差别，但我水平有限，多列举几个日常口语的例子以供帮助，请注意第3、4、5条，否则容易产生误解：
1. 这种花味道怎么样？（由于花气味不通过嘴巴，所以坚决不能用“口味”，除非这种花用来吃的）
2. 香水的味道很诱人。（与上一句相同，此处坚决不能用“口味”，）
3. 这个人口味很重。（这个人喜欢吃滋味更重<如：更咸、更辣、更油腻、更酸……>的食品，口语中，有时也用于比喻，形容对待某事物的喜欢程度超出普通人，如，喜欢更刺激的电影、喜欢更疯狂的游戏）
4. 这个人味道很重。（这是很不好的句子，通常情况指这个人身上散发出来气体的味道，很刺激，让其他人难以接受，如果将“味道”替换为“气味”，那么句子含义100%说的是这个人身上的气味很刺鼻）
5. 这个人味儿很重。（有可能是口味、也可能是气味，要结合上下文或者语境。）
6. 寿司很符合我的口味。（寿司是吃的，用“口味”肯定对了，此处不能用“味道”，因为前面紧跟着是“我”）
7. 我很喜欢寿司的味道/口味。（前面紧跟着是“寿司”，所以两个都可以，因为是用来形容食物的）
8. 寿司的口味/味道很好。（同上一条）
9. 榴莲的口味/味道我很喜欢。（同上一条）
10. 榴莲的<s style="color: rgb(230, 0, 0);">口味</s>/味道/气味很刺鼻。（由于后面有“刺鼻”，所以不能用能“口味”，使用“气味”更加准确）
11. 这味儿太难闻了。（口语中非常常用，此处的“味儿”替代的是“气味”，意思相同）
12. 这什么味儿，太好吃了。（口语中非常常用，此处的“味儿”替代的是“口味”或者“味道”，意思相同）
13. 我不喜欢这味儿。（口语中非常常用，有可能是口味、也可能是气味，此处“味儿”还可能是是风格，要结合上下文或者语境。）
14. 我就喜欢韩国女人这味儿。（用于女人时，当然是风格style的意思，但这个句子用于女人，多有轻蔑之意，除非是自己非常亲近的人）
15. 那个女孩子就喜欢施瓦辛格那味儿。（施瓦辛格Arnold Schwarzenegge）（用于男人当然也是风格的意思，用于男人时多有夸赞之意，这一点不同于女人）
16. 这个 汤/菜 的 味道/味儿 太重了。（通常情况指的盐放多了，还可以指太油腻、太酸、太辣等）
感兴趣的朋友，用“口味”、“味道”、“气味”，“味儿”任何一个词造句，很乐意帮您修改！
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The key to learn Chinese well !（part.1）It is one of the easiest words in the world!
If you want to learn Chinese well, It is important to know the biggest difference between Chinese and English.
First, The development.
English may be a language developed on the basis of sound. Accurate pronunciation is very important. English may have pronunciation first and then words.
But Chinese characters are different. Most Chinese characters are evolved from symbols.In Chinese, maybe the symbols developed before the pronunciation.
The development about these two language not necessarily correct, but this maybe the reason why the way of thinking is very different.
Moreover,if you start to learn chinese word,you don't need kown the pronunciation，you will get it means just through watch it！sure，this need a few experience.
This one can explain the follow phenomenon： Most Chinese students can read English articles, but we can't get the skill of Listening and Oral Competence。
Second, About tenses.
There are many tenses in English,but there are only one tense in Chinese.That is to say no tense in Chinese！
for example：
If we want to say the past tense, we just need to add a word "in past" before or follow the sentence .
If we want to talk about the future tense, we just need to add a word " in the future" before or follow the sentence .
Almost any expression about tenses in Chinese like these!
So you can master all the complicated language tenses such as English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, even polish, etc.Why can't you learn Chinese well?
All in all, if someone tell you the Chinese language is the hardest language to learn next time ，that's bullshit！You just need to stick to the right way to learn！
I'm sorry, on my English level limited.
If someone are interested in this discuss and have free time, maybe you can help me to correct my English.
Or we can talk about sth in chinese to practice your chinese！
Due to the limited number of words, I will offer my Chinese original text in the comment area.
Welcome you come to here！
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中文里对老师的称呼，The call of the teacher in Chinese！
Due to the limitation of the number of words in the comment area, the translation is as follows:
Two mouths ago, when I was start to take in English class online, I knew a multilingual scholar. I wanted to call him“师父”（master） because I respected and worshipped him from my heart.
In China, we usually call the person who imparts knowledge "老师"（teacher）. A hundred years ago, it was generally called "先生（Sir）". In modern times, if you are called "先生（Sir）", then you are more knowledgeable or worthy of students' respect in the eyes of students than ordinary teachers.
For example, a teacher's name is “王力（Wang Li）”. In Chinese, "王Wang" is his surname, and "力Li" is the given name .
In that case they are familiar between teacher and student, student will usually call the teacher "王老师（Teacher Wang）" .
If the teacherare in a university, it is usually called "王教授（Professor Wang）".the word “教授 " means Professor, a more respectful term, but it usually seems that teacher is not very close to students.
In universities, postgraduates will also call their teacher "王导（director Wang）" ，the word "导“ here means to guide and tutor, indicating that this teacher is the main tutor of a graduate student and the person guiding his graduation thesis.
"王导" also contains other several meanings, one is to imply that the scholar has not yet got the title of Professor, the other is the head teacher of undergraduate students, and the other is that the relation relatively closer with students than the professor .
In contemporary China,sometimes teachers are also called "师父（Shifu）", but the word "师父（Shifu）" which usually has many meanings.
One refers to the person who imparts skills rather than theoretical knowledge. For example, the teacher in cook dish are usually called "师父（master）", and the apprentice calls their repair teacher "师父（master）".
In one case, there are elderly strangers in the street (cities in some regions of China are not allowed to use, which is suspected of discrimination).
This one meaning is important，that the teacher and the students are close, and the students think that the teacher is kind and amiable from their hearts. The word "师父（master）" is two words in Chinese. The word "师" refers to the person who imparts knowledge. The word "父" refers to the father. There is an old saying in China that "一日为师终身为父（one day is a teacher and the whole life is a father）". It means that once someone imparts knowledge to you one day , he will be similar your father all your life, and you will must be treat him like your father.
Sometimes, for the old and high prestige teachers, they will call "王老（Wang Lao）" and "老" means the old, or have rich knowledge or skills in a certain field.The most respectful name is “王老先生”. He is not only old, but also knowledgeable and highly respected.
Some mischievous students may be called “老王（Lao Wang）", which is only limited to strong close people, and there are no people who are not close around, otherwise shouting out in person seems very disrespectful.
Finally, the word "教师（teacher）" is usually used only in written language. In spoken language, it only refers to the other teacher in the talk. It is not used when two people are facing each other.
I'm sorry, on my English level limited.
If someone are interested in it and have free time, please can you help me to correct my English.
Or we can talk about sth in chinese to practice your chinese！
中文原文：
前两天我在上英语课的时候，认识一位多语言学者，我当时就想叫他师父，因为我发自内心的尊重和崇拜他。
在中国，通常我们把传授知识的人叫做“老师”，在百年以前，一般叫做“先生”，在现代，如果您被称作“先生”，那您在学生心目中比一般老师更加有学问或更值得学生的尊敬。
举例，一个老师，名字叫做“王力”，中文里，“王”是他的姓氏，“力”是家人给他起的名字。
如果比较熟悉的学生，通常会叫他“王老师”，“王”是这个老师的姓氏。
如果在大学里，通常会叫做“王教授”，“教授”指教授，比较尊重的一种称呼，但通常显得和学生关系不是特别亲密。
在大学里，研究生还会称呼他们老师“王导”，“导”在这里指导向、辅导的意思，表示这个老师是某个研究生的主要辅导教师，指导他毕业论文的人。“王导”还包含几个意思，一个是暗含这位学者还没有教授职称，一个是本科生的班主任，一个是相对于教授与学生比较亲近。
在中国当代，对老师还有一种称呼，叫做“师父”，这通常有多种意思，
一种指是传授技能而非理论知识的人，如厨师的学生通常叫厨师“师父”，徒弟管修车老师叫做“师父”。
一种意思，街头碰到年长的陌生人（中国某些地域内城市不能用，有歧视嫌疑）。
一种意思，是这个老师和学生比较亲密，而且学生从心底里认为这个老师和蔼可亲，才会叫做“师父”，“师父”字在中文里是两个字，“师”指的传授知识的人，“父”指父亲，中国有句古话叫做“一日为师终身为父”，意思是说，一旦有人有一天给你传授知识，他一辈子就像是您的父亲，药箱对待父亲一样对待他。
有时候，还对于年长且威望高的老师，还会喊“王老”，“老”表示老人，或在某方面的学识或者技能经验丰富。更加尊重的叫法“王老先生”，不仅年纪大、而且学识渊博、非常受人尊敬。
有些调皮的学生，可能会叫“老王”，仅限于非常非常亲密，而且周围人没有不亲密的人，否则当面喊出显得很不尊重。
最后，“教师“这个词通常只用于书面语，口语中仅对第三方的称呼，两个人面对面时不用。
很抱歉，我的英文水平有限。
如果您对此感兴趣，并且你有时间，或许可以帮我修改一下英文。
或许我们可以用中文交流。
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