Strategies to help identify how to pronounce verbs in past tense (t // d // id sounds)

🇲🇽 🇪🇸 🇺🇸 🇦🇷 Pronouncing -ed words

hop/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means when you say the word, there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'hopped' -- notice no vibration

smell/d
The sound before the -ed is [l] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'smelled' -- notice vibration

act/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

jump/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'jumped' -- notice no vibration

beg/d
The sound before the -ed is [g] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'begged' -- notice vibration

land/id
The sound before the -ed is [d]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

skip/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'skipped' -- notice no vibration

plan/d
The sound before the -ed is [n] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'planned' -- notice vibration

rest/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

kick/t
The sound before the -ed is [k] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'kicked' -- notice no vibration

pin/d
The sound before the -ed is [n] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'pinned' -- notice vibration

end/id
The sound before the -ed is [d]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

stop/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'stopped' -- notice no vibration

brag/d
The sound before the -ed is [g] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'bragged' -- notice vibration

bust/id
The sound before the -ed is [d]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

back/t
The sound before the -ed is [k] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'backed' -- notice no vibration

love/d
The sound before the -ed is [v] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'loved' -- notice vibration

hunt/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

flip/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'flipped' -- notice no vibration

drag/d
The sound before the -ed is [g] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'dragged' -- notice vibration

melt/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

step/t
The sound before the -ed is [p] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'stepped' -- notice no vibration

jam/d
The sound before the -ed is [m] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'jammed' -- notice vibration

lift/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

wish/t
The sound before the -ed is [h] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'wished' -- notice no vibration

clean/d
The sound before the -ed is [n] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'cleaned' -- notice vibration

taste/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d

cook/t
The sound before the -ed is [k] which is unvoiced.
Unvoiced means there is no vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'cooked' -- notice no vibration

smile/d
The sound before the -ed is [l] which is voiced.
Voiced means when you say the word, there is vibration in your throat.

**Try it: Put your hand on you throat and say the word 'smiled' -- notice vibration

wait/id
The sound before the -ed is [t]

**Rule: if the sound before -ed is ending [t] or [d] you must use id pronunciation

id: ee like sheep + d