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COMMON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS:
1. Subjunctive Mood Errors
Used for hypotheticals, wishes, or non-real situations.
❌ If I was you, I would apologize.
✅ If I were you, I would apologize.
❌ I wish she was here.
✅ I wish she were here.
2. Faulty Parallelism
Items in a list or structure must follow the same grammatical pattern.
❌ She likes swimming, to run, and biking.
✅ She likes swimming, running, and biking.
❌ He is smart, hardworking, and has discipline.
✅ He is smart, hardworking, and disciplined.
3. Dangling Modifiers
Modifier does not clearly refer to the subject.
❌ Walking down the street, the trees looked beautiful.
(Who is walking?)
✅ Walking down the street, I noticed the trees looked beautiful.
4. Split Infinitives (Context-Sensitive)
Sometimes acceptable, but often avoided in formal writing.
❌ She decided to quickly finish the task.
✅ She decided to finish the task quickly.
(Note: modern usage allows split infinitives if clearer.)
5. Improper Use of “Which” vs “That”
* That = essential clause
* Which = non-essential (with commas)
❌ The book which you gave me is good.
✅ The book that you gave me is good.
❌ The car that is parked outside, is mine.
✅ The car, which is parked outside, is mine.
6. Comma Splices
Joining independent clauses with just a comma.
❌ She loves coffee, she drinks it daily.
✅ She loves coffee; she drinks it daily.
✅ She loves coffee, and she drinks it daily.
7. Incorrect Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
Pronoun must match its antecedent in number and gender.
❌ Everyone should bring their notebook.
(Formally incorrect, though common)
✅ Everyone should bring his or her notebook.
(Modern alternative: their is now widely accepted in informal/formal contexts.)
8. Ambiguous Pronoun Reference
Unclear what the pronoun refers to.
❌ When John met Mark, he was angry.
(Who is angry?)
✅ When John met Mark, John was angry.
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🚫 3 Common Grammar Mistakes You Should Avoid ✍️
Even the most seasoned writers slip up with these common grammar mistakes. Let's fix them!
1. Its vs. It's
🛑 Its is possessive, while it’s is a contraction of “it is” or “it has.” These are easy to mix up but simple to get right with practice.
Example:
❌ "The dog wagged it's tail."
✅ "The dog wagged its tail."
2. Affect vs. Effect
🛑 Affect is usually a verb meaning to influence something, while effect is typically a noun meaning the result of a change.
Example:
❌ "The weather will effect my mood."
✅ "The weather will affect my mood."
3. To, Too, and Two
🛑 To = Preposition, Too = "also" or "excessively," Two = The number 2.
Example:
❌ "I’m going too the store and I’ll grab two apples."
✅ "I’m going to the store and I’ll grab two apples too."
💡 Tip: Proofreading with a focus on these tricky words can help you avoid simple grammar slip-ups!
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🚫 3 Common Grammar Mistakes You Might Be Making ✍️
Grammar mistakes happen to the best of us! Here are three common errors that often slip through the cracks—and how to avoid them.
1. Confusing Your vs. You're
🛑 Your is a possessive pronoun, while you're is a contraction of "you are." Mixing these up is super common, but easy to fix!
Example:
❌ "Your going to love this movie."
✅ "You're going to love this movie."
2. Misusing Their, There, and They’re
🛑 These homophones can be tricky!
Their = Possessive (belongs to them)
There = Refers to a place
They’re = Contraction of "they are"
Example:
❌ "There going to bring their dog over here."
✅ "They’re going to bring their dog over there."
3. Mixing Up Then vs. Than
🛑 Then refers to time or sequence, while than is used for comparisons.
Example:
❌ "She is taller then her brother."
✅ "She is taller than her brother."
💡 Quick Tip: Pay close attention to context when using these words—small changes make a big difference!
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Subject/Verb Agreement. Choose the correct verb form.
Either Allen or his friends ( is, are ) coming home for Christmas this week.
is
are
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TIPS TO IMPROVE YOUR GRAMMAR
1. Reading. One of the best tools for grammar improvement is reading. You will encounter several grammar rules as you read, and as a result, you will unconsciously reinforce proper grammar usage in your memory. After that, you'll start applying these grammatical rules to your writing. More importantly, reading a lot will teach you which grammatical rules work and which typical grammar errors to avoid.
2. Write more and test your knowledge. The need to simply write more will be crucial, just as we highlighted how extensive reading may be a crucial step in honing your language abilities. Your ability to write clearly and correctly while following grammar rules gets better the more you practice. Take a handful of the many top-notch online grammar tests to determine your proficiency; then, based on the results, attempt to raise your scores.
3. Get advice from others and learn from it. Asking for assistance is always a smart move! There are several teachers and tutors that you can find here on Italki, for example. It is crucial to take into account the advice of anyone you approach for assistance. Your grammatical skills may improve as a result of taking note of their criticism and producing more persuasive writing. Depending on the comments you receive, it might even be a good idea to write your own grammatical guide.
2022년 12월 7일
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How to present a persuasive argument in a debate:
To structure an argument you may follow these steps:
1. Claim - present your argument in a clear statement. This claim is one reason why you're in favour of or against the motion or proposition.
2. Evidence - the evidence supporting your claim, such as, statistics, references, quotes, analogies, among others.
3. Impact - explain the significance of the evidence--How does this support your claim?
Remember, place the most important arguments first, for example, "The media has more influence on self-esteem than anybody else. This is true for three reasons. Firstly (most important argument)… Secondly…, Thirdly (least important argument)..."
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To be able to be more fluent, act confidently. Many people feel shy or embarrassed when speaking English. Don't be. Act as if you are the most confident person you know - in fact, be the most confident "you". By acting "as if" you are confident, you create or strengthen neural networks in your brain. So, the next time you speak, you may feel more confident as you are used to this situation. Thus, act confident, and over time you will feel confident, and indeed, be confident!
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How to develop your confidence to speak up: Develop Your Skills In Lower-Risk Environments
Identify some opportunities to get out of your comfort zone. Look for people or environments that are lower in risk, or where you have a strong support system for trying new things. Let a trusted colleague or mentor know that you want to build confidence in this area, and ask them to observe and share feedback to help you grow. Like any skill, practice will help you improve.
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Tips on learning vocabulary: Narrate your life. Your brain is more likely to remember new vocabulary if you apply it to your own life and make it as personal as possible. For that reason, it’s smart to take an expression you have recently learned and ask yourself “How would I use this in my personal situation? In which contexts do I see myself using this?”
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