Conditional Sentences: Type 0 and Type 1 #### Type 0 Conditional Sentences **Usage:** Type 0 conditional sentences describe general truths, scientific facts, or things that are always true. **Structure:** - **If + present simple, present simple** **Examples:** 1. **If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.** 2. **If it rains, the ground gets wet.** **Characteristics:** - Both clauses (the if-clause and the main clause) use the present simple tense. - They describe situations that are always true or universally accepted facts. #### Type 1 Conditional Sentences **Usage:** Type 1 conditional sentences describe real and possible situations in the present or future. They talk about something that is likely to happen if a certain condition is met. **Structure:** - **If + present simple, will + base verb** **Examples:** 1. **If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.** 2. **If you study hard, you will pass the exam.** **Characteristics:** - The if-clause uses the present simple tense. - The main clause uses "will" followed by the base form of the verb. - They refer to a future event that is likely to occur if the condition in the if-clause is satisfied. ### Differences between Type 0 and Type 1 Conditionals 1. **Context:** - **Type 0:** Used for general truths and scientific facts. - **Type 1:** Used for real and possible situations in the present or future. 2. **Verb Tenses:** - **Type 0:** Both clauses use the present simple tense. - **Type 1:** The if-clause uses the present simple, and the main clause uses "will" + base verb. 3. **Probability:** - **Type 0:** Describes situations that always happen. - **Type 1:** Describes situations that are likely to happen if the condition is met. ### Examples in Context **Type 0:** - If you mix red and blue, you get purple. - If you touch a flame, it burns. **Type 1:** - If she finishes her homework, she will watch TV. - If they leave now, they will catch the bus.