After the big sound contrasts, a handful of smaller ones remain: the Hindi r, the clear l, a sound halfway between v and w, the difference between s and sh, and five sounds that came into Hindi through Persian, Arabic and English. Some speakers use these borrowed sounds and some replace them, and learners wonder which is right. This episode shows how each sound is made and reassures you that both common pronunciations are accepted. In this episode: • The tapped r and the clear l • V and w are one sound • S and sh • The borrowed sounds with a dot • Merging is normal • A scene at home • Practice • Self-check questions with answers Key Hindi from this episode: घर (ghar) = home. Say the r clearly. चार (chaar) = four. बारिश (baarish) = rain. रोटी (roti) = flatbread. लाल (laal) = red. बाल (baal) = hair. कल मिलते हैं (kal milte hain) = see you tomorrow. वो (vo, also wo) = that, he, she. हवा (hava) = air, breeze. सवाल (savaal) = question. वाला (vaala) = the one, as in this one or that one. वो वाला दो (vo vaala do) = give me that one. सेर (ser) = an old unit of weight that grandparents still mention. शेर (sher) = lion. सब (sab) = all, everyone. शाम (shaam) = evening. ज़रूर (zaroor) = of course. ज़्यादा (zyaada) = more, too much. मेज़ (mez) = table. फ़ौरन (fauran) = immediately. फ़्रिज (fridge) = fridge. क़लम (qalam) = pen. क़रीब (qareeb) = near. ख़बर (khabar) = news. ख़ुश (khush) = happy. ख़राब (kharaab) = bad, not working. ग़लत (ghalat) = wrong. Season 3 · Spoken Hindi at Home: the complete self-study course for English speakers. Every Hindi item is given in Devanagari, Hinglish and English. Take the 52-question quiz after listening. Audio voiced with AI from an original script by Dr. Rashmi R Nair.