Hola ! "The apple is green" ( the apple isn't ripe )= "La manzana ESTÁ verde" = condition "The apple is green" ( the color of the apple is green ) = "La manzana ES verde" = essence In English, the verb "to be" can be used to tell how something is (the condition) and what something is (the essence). How is the apple? = Cómo está la manzana ? It is unripe. = Está verde ( No está madura ) What color is the apple? = De qué color es la manzana ? It is green. = Es verde ( La manzana es de color verde ) In Spanish, a different verb is used to express "to be" depending on whether the speaker intends to address a condition or an essential quality. To address condition, use ESTAR (it's an irregular verb ) If you are talking about how something is, use ESTAR = to indicate a state or condition, often one resulting from a change: "Estoy muy triste" = I am very sad. To indicate location: "Estamos en casa" = We are at home. Preceding DE to form various idioms of condition or state: "Estamos de viaje" = We are on a trip. With a present participle to form a progressive tense: "Él está cantando" = He is singing. If you are talking about what something is, use SER. To indicate existence, and with adjectives to indicate inherent, innate or essential characteristics: " La casa es grande" = The house is big. To indicate origin, nature or identity: "Soy de Argentina" = I'm from Argentina. To indicate possession or ownership, either literal or figurative: "Es mi casa" = It is my house. With past participles to form passive voice. To tell time and to indicate where an event takes place. Also in impersonal statements: "Es importante" = It is important. If you need more information about the use of SER and ESTAR, please tell me, I can send to you a few grammar texts about this topic. Best wishes Sofía

*aplica instead of plica

Usas "ser" cuando hablas de un estado permanente, por ejemplo: Es guapo, simpático, amable. Usas "estar" cuando es algo que es puntual, no permanente. Por ejemplo: está enfermo, triste (sth bad has happened to him, but he is not normally a sad man) Esto es la diferencia principal. Hay otros casos donde la regla no se plica. Por ejemplo: "Ser" cuando indica el origen o procedencia de algo o alguien: Es de Brasil, es típico de esa zona