"Would you like something to eat? Yes, I'd like some orange." If the oranges are in wedges or slices, then yes this is possible. "Would you like something to drink? Yes, I'd like some orange." No, this is very unclear. I don't know if you mean orange juice, orange softdrink/soda (eg. Fanta) or orange cordial.

"Would you like something to drink? Yes, I'd like some orange." This is absolutely fine if there is an obvious selection of drinks, maybe at a breakfast bar where you can see various juices or from a selection of drinks in a menu.