Yes! Justin is right! to understand is often a completed action: I understand! To figure something out implies some investigation and searching for an answer. It is a stronger way to express if you are seeking an answer (or indeed if you have already figured it out!) Do you understand? have you figured it out yet? You can understand a scientific concept, for example, but perhaps you have figured out a particularly hard mathematical equation! Thanks :)

Understand = to know. "Figure out"= To know and know why.

Understand is 理解, figure out is 算出. When you have figured it out, then you will understand.

I think that understand is when you really know the meaning and when you figure out is when you discover it by yourself

Understanding is having the meaning of a thing without context to how you got it. Figuring out implies a process of learning and problem solving.