Verbs of sensation can take a second verb as an object complement. The second verb is either an infinitive or a participle. I hear the dog at night. I hear the dog bark at night. [not - I hear the dog barkS at night] I hear the dog barking at night. I hear the dog barking now. Your textbook probably has a section on verbs of sensation (see, hear, feel, ...). If you have the well-known book English Grammar in Use by Murphy, consult unit 67.

These verbs can be followed by an infinitive without "to": all modals let, make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice examples: let me go hear me sing make the dog eat watch the boy run feel the light betray me (your example)

We don't ğenerally naturally and instinctively use sense verbs in the present continuous tense. But I can see how you think that it might work in the context of this particular song. And you would be correct. It would work within the chorus of this song, but it adds a subtle change of difference to the meaning. "I feel the light betray me" = the light betrays the viewer on an instant inner sensory level. "I feel the light betrays me" = the singer or light viewer is describing the light slowly fading betraying them. Try doing a google. search for grammar books on sensory verbs.

Because it's a western English pop song. I decided to hear the song out for you. Pop songs are often not the best source to learn grammar. But I'm pleased to say no matter what type of song it is, nor what it is about. The grammar in the entire song, every single line is perfectly good natural English. I feel the light betray me is perfectly good English and please take up Chris's advice.

Teacher Chris gives a correct but somewhat simplified answer because his example ‘I hear the dog barks at night’ IS a perfectly correct sentence, but with a very different meaning. In that case ‘I hear’ does not refer to the dog barking but to how you learn about the dog barking. It’s similar to the sentence ‘Some people say (that) the dog barks at night.’ In general native English speakers don’t make tense errors but general English speakers do do so quite often. Part of communicating in English is understanding how to resolve ambiguities like this from the larger context.