Do - To do something, to have done something, to be doing something
When you are doing something, you are actively engaging with some phenomenon. For example, I can ask "what are you doing?" when wanting to know what the other person is currently occupying themselves with. Another example, I can you "can you do me a favour?" when I am hoping you will complete some task for me.
Make - To make something, to have made something, to be making something
When you are making something, you are building, creating, or generating some thing. For example, when cooking I can ask "what are you making?" or when putting a puzzle together I can ask "what are you making?". Another example, I can also say, "will you make me some food?" when I want you to put together a meal for me.
Hope this helps!
Spanish uses ¨hacer¨ for both of these, so I can understand why it is confusing. ¨Make¨ is more like create. You make a cake when you are cooking. You make clothes when you are sewing.
To ¨do¨ is often more general. We ask ¨What do you do?¨ and mean the same thing as ¨¿a qué se dedica?¨ We often say things like ¨Let´s do something.¨
However, there are many cases where the ¨rules¨ do not seem so obvious about which to use, such as ¨she made a face¨ which is a way of saying when someone changed their facial expression or ¨let´s do crafts¨ when we are actually talking about making artsy things.
The word "another" is used to refer, specifically, to the addition of one thing or person or place to an already aforementioned one. For example, I can say "can I have another," if I want one more of something, or I can say "they love one another," if I want to convey the idea that the two (or more) people love each other.
The word "other" is used to refer to something else, besides what is being spoken about (or who or where). For example, I can ask "so that's Ron, but who is the other person there," or I can say "other than that, there is nothing to add".
Ultimately, another is about adding something to something else. Other is about referring to something in regards to something else as a referent point.
