Particles give me a problem, too! This is what I understand: 1. "E" is an interjection meaning "Eh? What?" "HE" (also pronounced [e]) follows a direction or place. Doko + HE (pronounced [e])? 2. "O" is a politeness prefix, used more often by women. "WO" (also pronounced [o]) is the direct object particle. subject + direct object + WO (pronounced [o]) + verb place moved from/through + WO (pronounced [o] nani + WO (pronounced [o]) + verb 3. "WA" is an exclamation meaning "Wow!" "HA" is a topic particle. Someone + HA (also pronounced [wa]) + something + GA + adjective + desu. 4. place + "NI" = where someone or something is indirect object + "NI" That's all I've learned so far...

ha (pronounced "wa"), ga: http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/particlesintro wo (pronounced "o"), ni, he (pronounced "e"): http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/verbparticles Also very important: no http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/nounparticles