There are so many phrasal verbs that you probably cannot memorize them all. If you want to memorize some, I suggest you find a list of common phrasal verbs and start there. List of 25: http://www.abaenglish.com/blog/25-most-useful-phrasal-verbs/ List of 200: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/phrasal-verbs-list.htm You can also just increase your knowledge of phrasal verbs by getting exposure to how native speakers use them.

My suggestion is to forget memorizing. There are so many phrasal verbs, and memorizing them in isolation will not do much good. For example, there are 37 different phrasal verbs just with the word “come”! Sometimes a single phrasal verb can have both a literal, non-idiomatic meaning, as well as one or more idiomatic or figurative meanings. How will you remember those if you just memorize the verb? Instead do this: 1. Read a lot. Listen a lot. Mostly choose colloquial sources, because that's where you find a lot of phrasal verbs. When you hear one, write the entire sentence down. Find out the meaning in context. Then transfer it and its meaning into a notebook you use for this purpose. I use something called "goldlisting" (look it up) to study this way; writing things down anchors them in my mind to some degree, and I will revisit the pages in the notebook at specific intervals and just read them to myself, and try to form a couple of new sentences. It almost doesn't feel like studying, but it is remarkably effective. 2. Use what you've learned in conversation with native speakers, and in writing about your day (it's a good idea to keep a foreign language diary so you can practice what you learn). I do that on lang-8.com, where native speakers will correct me. Learning such things in context is more useful than learning them in isolation, because the meaning is carried by the whole sentence and you don't have to cram it into your brain by memorizing.