ÖDÜL: noun, root of the word, meaning "prize"
ödülLEN-: verb, adding that suffix -LEN makes it a verb meaning having that thing, having the prize in this context. However there can be some offsets in the meaning.
Likewise examples are:
yaş =(n) age; yaşlan- = (v) to age, to get old
ses = (n) voice, sound; seslen- = (v) to yell, to call out
ödüllenDİR-: verb, adding that suffix -DİR makes it again a verb meaning having someone else doing it, having someone else get the prize in this context.
Likewise examples are:
gül- =(v) to laugh; güldür- = (v) to make someone laugh
yap- = (v) to make, to do; yaptır- = (v) to have someone do something
ödüllendirECEK: Future conjugation, like you said. Ödüllendirecek=He will reward you, he will not get the reward but he will have someone else get the reward.
Ödüllendirecek is both a verb and a noun. If it is used as verb, it can be used as "Baban seni ödüllendirecek" = (literally, your father will have you get rewarded but simply) Your father will reward you
If it is used as a noun, we are talking about the situation/fact/possibility that your father will reward you.
-i: Case of noun (two words together form a noun phrase "tamlama", tanrının ödüllendireceği)
n: Kaynaşma ünsüzü
-e: Case of noun (this case is used with inanmak = to believe)