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陽子 유코 Youko
How To Say "I", "I'm", "I am", "Me", "Mine", "Ours", "Us", "You", "Your", "You're", "They" in Korean
I know there are a lot of ways of saying "I" or "You" but what are they and how and when do I use them?
2015年10月19日 03:36
回答 · 4
2
Here's a summary of the pronouns in Korean.
* Singular
1st person (plain): 나, 나는(I), 나의/내(my), 나를(me), 나와(with me), 나에게/내게 (to me)...
1st person (polite): 저, 저는, 저의/제, 저를, 저와, 저에게/제게
2nd person(plain): 너, 너는, 너의/네/니, 너를 너와, 너에게/네게
2nd person(polite): (there is no "you" in polite form in Korean)
3rd person male, lit: 그, 그는, 그의, 그를, 그와, 그에게
3rd person male, col: 그 사람, 그 사람은, 그 사람의, 그 사람을, 그 사람에게
( 남자 may be used in place of 사람)
3rd person female, lit: 그녀, 그녀는, 그녀의, 그녀를, 그녀와, 그녀에게
3rd person female, col: 그 여자, 그 여자는, 그 여자의, 그 여자를, 그 여자에게
*Plural
1st p(plain): 우리, 우리가(we), 우리의(our), 우리를(us), 우리와(with us), 우리에게(to us)...
1st p(polite): 저희, 저희가, 저희의, 저희를, 저희와, 저희에게
2nd p(plain): 너희, 너희가, 너희의, 너희를, 너희와, 너희에게
2nd p(polite): (there is no pronoun "you" in polite form in Korean)
3rd p. m. lit: 그들, 그들은, 그들의, 그들을, 그들과, 그들에게
3rd p. m. col: 그 남자들, 그 남자들은, 그 남자들의, 그 남자들을, 그 남자들과, 그 남자들에게
(남자분 in place of 남자 will make it honorific - respectful to the persons mentioned)
3rd p. f. lit: 그녀들, 그녀들은, 그녀들의, 그녀들을, 그녀들과, 그녀들에게
3rd p. f. col: 그 여자들, 그 여자들은, 그 여자들의, 그 여자들을, 그 여자들과, 그 여자들에게
(여자분 in place of 여자 will make it honorific - respectful to the persons mentioned)
* lit = literal - used mostly in literature.
* col = colloquial - used in everyday conversation
Some examples:
- 나는 너를 내 친구의 집에서 처음 만났다.
- 그는 그의 친구를 그녀에게 소개했다.
- 우리에게는 갈 길이 있다.
- 그 사람은 우리가 모르는 사람이다.
- 그 여자분들은 너희들을 가르칠 선생님들이다.
2015年10月19日
I guess you need some Korean textbooks. If you want , I can send you some textbooks.
2015年10月19日
So a lot of this will come from the grammar of the final verb as it relates to the subject. The difference that Korean has when compared to English lies in the "markers" that we don't use in English. These are ~은/는, ~을/를, ~이/가.
The first identifies the subject of the sentence and most often directly relates to the verb. Applying this subject marker to words like "I" and "me" (both of which are represented as 저/나 lets you know that we are talking about me. (저는, 나는) such as in the example: I am a man. "저는 남자입니다./ 나는 남자이야" *note that the first is formal while the latter is informal*
The second identifies the object of the sentence by showing what is being acted upon. Though this wasn't a part of your question it's worth mentioning this marker with the others. This avoids any confusion as Korean and English doesn't always translate directly. Such as the example: I ate the apple. "저는 사과를 먹었습니다./ 나는 사과를 먹었어"
The third shows the topic of the sentence. This can easily be confused with the subject so if it helps think of ~은/는 as translating to "As for ~" So in the case of the topic marker it identifies the overall topic of the sentence as in the example: I am not good at running. "저는 다리기가 잘 안합니다./ 나는 다리기가 잘 안해." We are still talking about me wherein I am the subject, but the topic of the sentence is running.
2015年10月19日
The next marker is used to show possession. You can think of it as an all encompassing "apostrophe s" and is written as 의. Example: The school's books. "학교의 책." The tricky part is that when you want to say my or your you attach this marker to the word for I and you. This changes the way the marker is formed and a sort of contraction is made. My (lit. I+possessive marker) would be 저의 but changes to 제 while 나의 changes to 내. Similarly your (lit. you+possessive marker) changes as well; however, only in the informal. The word for you 당신 / 너 already implies the level you want to speak at. Therefor formally speaking your becomes 당신의 while the informal changes from 너의 to 네. *If you have trouble distinguishing between 네 and 내 look at the vowel and you can see the ㅓ from 너 and the ㅏ from 나*
Ours and Us are always 우리 and it doesn't get much simpler than that :)
Now, as for you, your, and you're remember the first three markers: You eat apples/ You are a woman/ Your apples were eaten. "당신은 사과를 먹습니다/ 너는 사과를 먹어// 당신은 여자입니다/ 너는 여자이야// 당신의 사과를 먹어졌습니다/ 네 사과를 먹어졌어."
Finally, "they" could either be expressed as 그 사람들이 *note the 이 as the topic marker* Here, 그 means "that", 들 is the plurality marker which makes the singular a multiple of that item (book to books, person to people, language to languages: 첵/ 첵들, 사람/ 사람들, 언어/ 언어들)
I hope this helps you. And if it created more questions than answers just think of those as opportunities to learn more.
2015年10月19日
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