I agree with Greg’s minor rewrite of one of your sentences: “The two characters mean the same thing except for only one difference shown below:”
However, the rest of your post is fine; there’s no need to write separate sentences. (Congratulations on your high level of English — it’s not easy for a native Chinese speaker.) In particular, I love the way the non-restrictive relative clause “which is a traditional style of written Chinese that evolved from the classical language” comes right after the word that it modifies (“Literary Chinese”). The last part of the first sentence seems a little unclear, so we could perhaps make it into a separate sentence (see below).
There’s just one big problem: Your sentence doesn’t clearly and unambiguously mean what you intended it to mean (I saw the context — the question you’re answering). 馁 is *not* an ancient Chinese *language*, but a *word* in Ancient Chinese (“Literary Chinese” or “Classical Chinese”). Likewise, 饿 is a *word* in Modern Chinese. Here’s what I’d write:
馁 is used “Ancient Chinese”, also known as Literary Chinese, which is a traditional style of written Chinese that evolved from the classical language. Literary Chinese is thus different from any modern spoken form of Chinese.