It is related more to “further education.” Specifically, at least in the US, it refers to training for a particular trade (as opposed to general “academic” education). For example, instead of going to college, a young person might choose “vocational training” to become a plumber or a dental assistant. “Higher education” generally refers to academic college/university at the Bachelor’s degree (or higher) level.

It is both a type of further education and higher education which means that it is education beyond high school (in the US). Vocational education is a very practical type of education in which one can learn different types of trades, e.g., mechanical repair, plumbing, carpentry, electrical wiring, etc.

It is the same In UK English as for all other English's American or whatever. As mentioned by John