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At the Doctor in Malayalam: Body Parts, Symptoms, Emergencies | #304
說明
A class you hope not to need and must have anyway. If you are ever unwell in a place whose language you are learning, your vocabulary collapses to whatever you drilled hardest, so we drill this one properly.
I am Dr. Reshmi R. Nair, an applied linguist from Kerala. I have taught hundreds of learners to speak Malayalam as it is actually spoken.
THE BODY
തല - thala - head; മുഖം - mukham - face; കണ്ണ് - kannu - eye; ചെവി - chevi - ear; മൂക്ക് - mookku - nose; വായ - vaaya - mouth; പല്ല് - pallu - tooth; തൊണ്ട - thonda - throat; നെഞ്ച് - nenchu - chest; വയറ് - vayaru - stomach; പുറം - puram - back; മുട്ട് - muttu - knee; രക്തം - raktham - blood
ONE WORD WHERE ENGLISH HAS TWO
കൈ (kai) means hand AND arm. കാൽ (kaal) means foot AND leg. There is no separate everyday word for arm or leg. Linguists call this colexification, and a great many languages decline to draw the line at the wrist. When a Malayali says in English 'my leg is paining' and points at the thigh, that is കാൽ carried across, not an error.
SYMPTOMS
വേദന - vedana - pain
തലവേദന - thalavedana - headache
വയറുവേദന - vayaruvedana - stomach ache
പനി - pani - fever
ചുമ - chuma - cough
ജലദോഷം - jaladosham - a cold
ഛർദ്ദി - chardi - vomiting
ക്ഷീണം - ksheenam - weakness
തലകറക്കം - thalakarakkam - dizziness
മുറിവ് - murivu - a wound
THE GRAMMAR THAT CARRIES ALL OF IT
Illness in Malayalam uses the dative experiencer. You do not HAVE a fever; TO YOU there is a fever.
എനിക്ക് പനിയുണ്ട് - enikku paniyundu - I have a fever
എനിക്ക് തലവേദനയുണ്ട് - enikku thalavedanayundu - I have a headache
എനിക്ക് സുഖമില്ല - enikku sukhamilla - I am not well (literally: to me there is no wellness)
എന്റെ വയറ് വേദനിക്കുന്നു - ente vayaru vedanikkunnu - my stomach hurts
ഇവിടെ വേദനിക്കുന്നു - ivide vedanikkunnu - it hurts HERE. With a pointing finger, this is the single most useful medical sentence in any language.
Say ഇവിടെ വേദനിക്കുന്നു out loud three times now. Comment when you have.
#LearnMalayalam #Malayalam #Kerala
Podcast 頻道
Malayalam Survival Kit | Food, Travel & Getting Around Kerala
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