If you want to express that in some place there is something or somebody, always use "haber". In your sentence is "hay" because you are describing the current situation (present tense), so "¿Hay un sofá?" is fine. "Tener" conveys a sense of "possesion", a more intimate relationship between objects or living beings, such as parts of a whole (example: "El cuerpo humano tiene dos brazos y dos piernas"). Nevertheless, you still can use "tener", provided you rephrase your message; the nuance changes slightly: "¿El salón tiene un sofá?", for instance. This conveys the meaning that you take sofas as an integral part of living-rooms, so you use "tener", to ask if this room has this item, as a part of the room. To wrap up, you can use both, but the nuance and the phrasing are different, and even sometimes one of them will sound unnatural. Hope it is clearer now! Keep reading and listening a lot and you will naturally get the hang of how to use them! :)

¿hay un sofá? is the correct one hay = there is the others can be used in different situation but not this one

La pregunta correcta es: ¿Tiene sofá en su casa? Si es una persona conocida, la pregunta es: ¿Tienes sofá en tu casa? Si lo que quieres es dormir en el sofá, puedes preguntar por sofá cama.

id there sofá in the House. Tienes sofá en casa?