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Extended use of directional complements in Chinese. This week we have a section on 'extended use of directional complements'. I am not sure how to use these or understand them properly. There are 6 uses of these patterns it seems. I will show the books example and my attempts to make new sentences with the same patterns. Please can you check them and give me some advice and example sentences. I'm not going to put the English for my sentences, because it is irrelevant! If my attempts are wrong, they are wrong. I don't need them corrected and changed to something else. The whole point of this notebook is to try and get some explanations and examples of how to use these patterns. Thank you Use 1 'Start to'- example 我们正在路上的时候忽然下起雪来了、奇怪,今天又冷起来了 Use 1-My attempt-他一看我他就跑起步来了。他一看我他跑步起来了 Use 2-'In operation'-example-他们工厂的办事处已经办起来了。 Use 2-My attempt-到警方发现了的时候,阴谋已经起来了。 Use 3-'When you come to'- example-这个问题研究起来非常有意思。 Use 3-My attempt-他的妹妹起来她很好。 Use 4- 'Carry on'-example-中文越来越难,我实在学不下去了。 Use 4-My attempt- 我越来越累,我走不下去。 Use 5--'Detect'-example- 这是谁唱的歌,你听出来了? Use 5-My attempt-我通过窗户我见出雨来。 Use 6-'Progressive'- example- 火车快到站了,你看已经慢下来了。 Use 6-My attempt-妈妈回家的时候,她已经学习下来了
Mar 17, 2012 8:36 AM
Corrections · 1

 第四个是对的,但应该加上“了”:我走不下去了


这些补语应该用在动词或形容词后边。

 

“阴谋已经起来了”,“他的妹妹起来她很好”,前面都没有动词或形容词。

 

而“跑步起来了”应该是“跑起步来了”,或者“跑了起来”。跑步是个复合词,不能直接加补语。如:

 

唱歌:唱起歌来

跳舞:跳起舞来

喝酒:喝起酒来

下雨:下起雨来

刮风:刮起风来

 

Use 5--'Detect'-example- 这是谁唱的歌,你听出来了?
Use 5-My attempt-我通过窗户我见出雨来。

首先,不能说“见出来”,只能说“看出来”。“看”是主动的,“见”是被动的。类似的还有“听出来“,“认出来”,“尝出来”等。例子:

-这幅画是假的,你看出来了吗?

-我是你老同学呀,认不出我(来)了?

-在汤里放了一点醋,能尝出来吗?

 

另外即使改成“看出雨来”也不正确。这么说的话意思是:因为你往窗外看了一眼所以下雨了。这句话这么说就行了:

-透过窗子我看见下雨了。

 

这里不需要使用补语。“看出来”,“听出来”,“尝出来”都是经过仔细分辨的结果。下没下雨一目了然,不需要分辨。

March 17, 2012
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