Turkish Lesson 1 : Vocabulary / Pronouns / Singular - Plural Names 1- Greetings Merhaba => Hi | Hello Nasılsınız => How Are You ? İyiyim => I'm Fine Teşekkür Ederim | Sağolun => Thank You Bir şey değil => You're welcome 2- Pronouns 2. 1. ) Personal Pronouns These pronouns are used for persons in general . There are six personal pronouns in Turkish. I => BEN YOU => SEN HE, SHE, IT => O WE => BİZ YOU => SİZ THEY => ONLAR 2.1.a ) QUESTIONS ? Kimsiniz ? | Kimsin ? | Kimsin Sen ? => Who Are You ? Adınız Nedir ? => What is your name ? 2.1.b ) ANSWERS AND PRONOUNS Ben Süleyman => I'm Suleyman, My name is Suleyman Sen John => You're John O John => He is John O Elizabeth => She's Elizabeth O Tekir => It's Tekir... ( Tekir is a cat name ) Biz Öğrenciyiz. => We are students Siz Öğretmensiniz => You are teachers. Onlar sivil => they are civilian 2.2 ) Demonstrative Pronouns These pronouns are used for unpersons in general. There are three personal pronouns in Turkish. This proununs is answer to "What is this ?" 2.2.a ) QUESTION Bu Nedir ? => What is this ? 2.2.b ) ANSWERS AND PRONOUNS NOTE : "BU" and "BUNLAR" pronouns are used in when we are CLOSE to object... Bu bir kedi. => This a cat ( for animals, singular animal..) Bunlar eski kitaplar => These are old books ( for object, plural objects...) NOTE : "ŞU" and "ŞUNLAR" pronouns are used in when we are FAR to object... Şu güzel bir fotoğraf makinesi => That's a good camera Şunlar güzel arabalar => Thouse are good cars NOTE : "O" and "ONLAR" pronouns are used in every time, FAR or CLOSE no problem ... O güzelmiş => It's nice.. Onlar benim değil. => Its not mine... 3- SINGULAR / PLURAL If you want to plural a name you must add to '-lar' or '-ler' end of word. LOOK LAST SYLLABLE 1-) Search "a,ı,o,u" in last syllable, if have to one you must add "-lar" ÖRNEK / EXAMPLE : masA => masA + lar = masalar ( masa = table ) kuzU => kuzU + lar => kuzular ( kuzu = lamb ) fOrm => fOrm + lar => formlar ( form = form ) 2-) Search "e,i,ö,ü" in last syllable, if have to one you must add "-ler" ÖRNEK/EXAMPLE : kalEm => kalEm + ler = kalemler (kalem=pen) silgi => silgİ + ler => silgiler (silgi=eraser) LESSON END :) Sorry for my English, it's not perfect .. i hope i can teach anything ... See you later Süleyman DENİZHAN www.sdenizhan.net