It's a letter is called "همزة - Hamza". It can come in the start of the word, the middle or even at the end. It's used with the letters "الف - Alef" ,"واو - Waw" or " ياء -Ya' " and it also comes alone.
With Alef :
أخبار News
إغلاق Closing
انشأ Established
مأساة Tragedy
With Waw:
مؤامرة plot
تواطؤ Collusion
With Ya' :
ينشئ Establish
رئيس Leader
Alone on the line:
سماء Sky
مروءة Generosity