如果没有上下文,仅仅说“我有问题”,会让人误解为something wrong with you. 如果把这句话放在上下文中,就可以理解为you have question about something.
例子:
1. 教授:大家还有什么问题吗?
学生:我有问题。/ 我有个问题。 both are right.
2. 我有问题想问你。 This sentence is correct.
3. 你有问题的话, 去问老板。This sentence is correct.
4. 你有问题吗? / 你有没有什么问题?/ 你有什么问题? all are correct but the first one sounds a little loose. You'd better say it in the last two ways.