友達<ともだち> is a traditional Japanese. informal/casual word.
友人<ゆうじん> is originally Chinese. formal/stiff word.
通<とお>る
1)to go by 2)to go past 3)to go along 4)to travel along 5)to pass through
渡<わた>る
1)to cross over 2)to go across 3)to extend 4)to cover 5)to range
過<す>ぎる
1)to pass through 2)to pass by 3)to go beyond 4)to pass (i.e. of time) 5)to elapse
○correct ×incorrect
If you go along that road, you can arrive earlier.
その道を(○通る・×渡る・×過ぎる)と近いですよ。
If you go across that crossing, you can arrive earlier.
その横断歩道<おうだんほどう>を(×通る・○渡る・×過ぎる)と近いですよ。
After you go through that corner, you will arrive soon.
その角<かど>を(×通る・×渡る・○過ぎる)と近いですよ。