So, all languages change over time, that's why they are called living languages. It is the same for English as it is for Madarin (but they may change at different rates and in different ways). Meager is still commonly used, and rile too is pretty common. Suffrage, not so much (since just about everyone in English speaking countries has the right to vote these days). Bandy is probably not used so much. But keep in mind that writers are artists and they use language like an artist uses paint (as opposed to the way a house painter uses paint). When people talk they're much more like a house painter than an artist. That's why I say that reading original fiction is not the greatest way to work on your language skills, especially speaking - people really don't talk that way. If you talk like a novel, people will look at you funny. One thing you can do is practice with graded readers. These are books, usually fiction, that have been rewritten in more common language, without clever vocabulary or artful phrasing and sentence structure. Try http://english-e-reader.net/ and start with elementary level stuff, even if you think you're more advanced. Part of learning to speak fluently is getting a lot of very well understood language through your mouth (read out loud). This helps to establish the motor patterns your brain needs to speak well, and helps the brain make connections between what you want to say (meaning) and how to say it. You really can;t develop fluency without this kind of practice.

I think your post got cut of right before your list because of it's length. But you are correct. Language in older English literature contains words not in use in moden English, or may use words we use in modern English, but in ways that are no longer in use. For example, the word "gay" used to mean happy, and you can see it used with that meaning in English works as late as the "Lord of the Rings" (first published in 1954), but today it is used almost exclusively as a colloquial term for "homosexual."