TOEFL Vocabulary #8

(adj.)—humanitarian; charitable, helping poor people, especially by giving them money

He is known for his philanthropic work for children in Africa.
philanthropic organizations/projects/ventures

philanthropic: /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɑː.pɪk (adj)

(n.)—morally undisciplined person

Every time I see you, you're drunk, you old reprobate!

(adj.)—extremely infectious; irritating, harsh or hateful

A particularly virulent strain of the flu has recently claimed a number of lives in the region.
She is a virulent critic of U.S. energy policy.

(v.)—to deceive, delude, cheat

He was completely beguiled by her beauty.
The salesman beguiled him into buying a car he didn't want.
I had to show I was not beguiled by his good looks.

(adj.)—corrupt, wasteful, extravagant

She is well-known for her profligate spending habits.
The profligate use of antibiotics has led to the evolution of resistant bacteria.

(adj.)—lazy

slothful adolescents
Television and video games have bred a generation of slothful teens.

(v.)—to depart secretly

Two prisoners absconded last night.
She absconded from boarding school with her boyfriend.
They absconded with $10,000 of the company's money.

(n.)—honesty, openness

"We really don't know what to do about it," she said with surprising candor.

(adj.)—hidden, secret

The government was accused of covert military operations against the regime.
The vice president said he hopes any covert action does not become public knowledge.

(v.)—to cover, enclose with a dark cover

The planet Venus is enshrouded in thick clouds.
The whole affair was enshrouded in secrecy.