There must be many hundreds of them, Miriam. A book called The American Nations makes the case for the existence of a culturally unified "nation," which Colin Woodard calls Del Norte, that just happens to have a national border running smack through the center of it; i.e. half of it's in Mexico, half in the United States. Our national mythic history overemphasizes the British colonies on the East Coast which... united... to become the United States. But kids who grow up in California learn all about the Viceroyalty of New Spain and the Spanish missions (just as my wife from Wisconsin learned in school about the French voyageurs responsible for city names like Fond du Lac and Dubuque).

Unlike some other countries and languages, English speakers have not--at least not for several centuries--tried to police English to protect its purity.

Jack London's story--a good one, one of his famous ones--"All Gold Canyon," was originally spelled "All Gold Cañon" when it was published in 1906. We still regarded it as a Spanish word, I guess. Besides canyon we have arroyos, calderas, and mesas.

Many of the terms associated with Western horsemanship are Spanish in origin. Lariat from la reata, pinto for a spotted horse, rodeo obviously.

Hammock is just a slightly anglicized hamaca. Like many other people in the northeast United States, we have a patio in our backyard and we used to have a barbecue grill there. Barbecue is from barbacoa. Patio is particularly interesting because I recognize it as coming "from California." Hollywood movie stars would talk about having "patios" and the word gradually became fashionable throughout the US. We--well, I anyway, and most people around here--pronounce it "patty-oh", "pat" as in the word "pat," although the Spanish pronunciation is more like "potty-oh."

I hope I don't need to mention what language the names of the states Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Montana, and Nevada come from.

Vamoose, haha, vamoose is very cowboy. It's not Spanglish but another cowboy expression is giddyup. "Come-on guys let's giddyup." Meaning "let's get moving". Or if someone is having trouble getting going, or if he's getting going in an awkward way, you can say "he's got a hitch in his giddyup".

"Is he going to ask her on a date?"

"Could be. Let's watch and see."

"She just threw her drink in his face."

"Yup. Looks like pard's got a hitch in his giddyup."

One very common and heavily modified word: cockroach (cucaracha)

One that shows up in US English publications often enough but isn't modified: temblor ... this one has even spillt over into NZ publications (I'll hazard a guess and say that some American journalists made it here and found employment, I haven't seen it outside one publication).

Hi Miriam - my "feeling" hoosegow would turn up in a cowboy movie is just a hunch as it is the kind of word I would have heard (and therefore absorbed) when I was quite young and cowboy movies were still then popular on TV in North America (1950's and 1960's). So, given your question I looked it up online and found the following site: https://www.worldwidewords.org/weirdwords/ww-hoo1.htm

There they say: "We link it in our minds with cowboys largely because so much of their lingo was taken from Spanish and then mangled to fit English ideas of the way to say it."

The word calaboose is on the other hand not a word that I find familiar but I cannot say I have never heard it. These sort of slangy words make me think of very old cartoons and movies. While younger people nowadays may still see the old cartoons I think they may not see the old cowboy movies anymore as a lot of them would nowadays be considered inappropriate with their unjustly negative portrayal of American Indians, Mexicans and others and so not be broadcast, but I am guessing. So, I am not sure how familiar younger people would be with these old terms.

Gary

Vamoose is a term that we would use, even in Canada. I think you would hear it on TV, perhaps in something like a Bugs Bunny Cartoon. If someone said it to me in a conversation I wouldn't even bat an eye (which means it wouldn't strike me as strange). Another Spanish-derived common word is Hoosegow, meaning jail (derived from juzgado, I believe). It's the kind of thing you might hear in a cowboy movie

As for other equivalents to "let's go" nothing comes to mind at the moment!