Not at all Michaela, I can't see how it could be disrespectful :) As I answered one of italki members around 2 weeks ago; those phrases are normally used by Muslims and Christians here, at least in my country. I come from a town where half of its population are Christians and they use these phrases as Muslims do, because Allah is God and God is Allah. I live in the capital city Amman for 30 years, and the Christians in my neighbourhood use these phrases normally even between each other and not just with Muslims. So (inshAllah: God willing), (mashAllah: praise to God), (alhamdolillah: thank God) are among many phrases where the name of Allah/ God is mentioned and used by both Muslims and Christians.
Yes, there is a phrase that I only hear Muslims use; which is: (جزاك الله خيرًا), I've never heard a Christian saying it before and it means "may Allah/ God reward you with goodness". This is the only phrase I could think of now :)
I hope this answer helps, I wish you good luck.