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Diffrerence between 않다, 아니다 and 아니하다
안녕하세요,
what is the difference between all these "no"?
않다 should be a 동사, "아니다" 도 동사이에요. "아니하다"가 동사나 형용사 있는 것이 잘 몰라요.
강삽니다
Jul 9, 2016 12:45 PM
Answers · 4
1
There is 이다 vs 아니다, and 않다/아니하다 as well as just 아니.
이다 is a special verb (technically a particle) that corresponds to "is" in "XX is YY", where YY is a noun/pronoun.
That is, it links two nouns, as in 개는 동물이다 (A dog is an animal), and is thus prevalent in the language.
아니다(an adjective) is the negation of 이다, i.e. "is not", as in, 나무는 동물이 아니다 (A tree is not an animal).
Examples:
- 나는 학생이다 <-> 나는 학생이 아니다. (이다 always attaches to a noun without a space)
- 일을 빨리 하는 것이 중요한 거다 (거다 = 것이다) <-> 일을 빨리 하는 것이 중요한 게 아니다 (게 아니다 = 것이 아니다).
아니하다, 않다 (short form of 아니하다) and 아니 correspond to the negator "not" in English.
않다/아니하다 (auxiliary verb and adjective) is used as a predicate at the end of a sentence, as in 이 집은 크지 않다.
아니 is an adverb that comes before a verb or adjective to negate it, as in 집은 안 크다, 학교에 안 간다, etc.
Its shortened version 안 is preferred in most contexts except in very formal writing.
All verbs and adjectives can be negated by these words, either in the long form(않다) or short form (안).
- 강아지가 잠을 잔다 <-> 강아지가 잠을 자지 않는다 = 강아지가 잠을 안 잔다. (present tense verb negation)
- 강아지가 잠을 잤다 <-> 강아지가 잠을 자지 않았다 = 강아지가 잠을 안 잤다. (past tense)
- 길이 넓다 <-> 길이 넓지 않다 = 길이 안 넓다. (present tense adjective negation)
- 길이 넓었다 <-> 길이 넓지 않았다 = 길이 안 넓었다. (past tense)
Think of it as three classes: 이다/아니다(XX is (not) YY), 있다/없다(exist or not), and the rest.
For negation, there is also 못 and 못하다 with the sense of "can't" that you can check for yourself.
July 9, 2016
않다 = 아니하다 I guess...
아니하다 is kinda old word of 않다
July 9, 2016
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Koube
Language Skills
Burmese, Chinese (Mandarin), Chinese (Cantonese), English, Finnish, German, Japanese, Korean, Nepali, Swedish, Thai, Vietnamese
Learning Language
Korean, Vietnamese
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