Todd Bilsborough
Finnish resources Learning Finnish has been difficult for me because there are few good resources that I can find. If I want to say "I like water" I can find the words in the dictionary (and look up how to conjugate the verb) and say "minä pidän vesi" but I know that this is not correct because "pitää" probably requires some case other than the nominative and, even if I did know what case is required, I don't know how or whether the stem changes. What I need is a dictionary that will tell me: * The different possible stems of a noun in singular and plural * The case required by any given verb Do you know of any resources like this? Or is there some other way I should be learning about Finnish case declension?
Aug 4, 2017 9:58 PM
Answers · 3
1
I can recommend the Kielitoimiston sanakirja: http://www.kielitoimistonsanakirja.fi AFAIK it is the best free online Finnish dictionary which contains answers to your needs at the level I think is possible: There are examples of inclinations (nominative, genitive, partitive, and illative in singular and plural) of nominals, and if you know what you are looking for, you can figure out the form you need. Then there are examples of the usage of verbs. The right case with a given verb is not necessarily a straightforward issue, so I doubt if a simple lookup table can even exists. For example, if you search the verb "tykätä" from the dictionary you can find an example sentences like "Tykkään sinusta kovasti" etc.. There you can see that the right case with the verb "tykätä" is the elative, indicated by the "-sta" ending of the pronoun. (Which is actually interesting - in Finnish the elative is not only a locative case meaning "out of".) The verb "pitää" has a lot of more meanings than the verb "tykätä" and thus a lot more possibilities with the right case. (But with the meaning "to like" the right case is the elative, though.) Of course, as always, you need some basic understanding of language to be able use a foreign dictionary. Actually I do not know how Finnish really is taught to foreign students, but I IMHO studying examples with simple sentences is the way to go, rather than studying the rules of the language. For example, what it comes to the declination, I think that, in addition to the possible stems of nominals, you have to take into account the possible consonant gradations, too. I spent a few minutes trying to figure out how exactly the declination of a simple noun like "vesi" actually goes, but I gave up. Surely, I know the right answer by heart, but the rules behind the declination are actually quite complicated. And I doubt if they are essential to know to be able to study the language.
August 5, 2017
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