You can't use these words alone in morden chinese.

We usually use words in pair to express more detail， like 怒， we got幩怒、惱怒...etc

We normally use 朋友in our conversation/writing, 朋somehow sounds weird Instead of 非常怒，非常愤怒sounds better

朋 means are classmates that you had become friends with in ancient times when boys go to study in a private setting under a common teacher. Anyone else you know from elsewhere is known as 友. I am sure if you watch Korean drama serials, you may see this sort of thing. So together, 朋友 has become a generic term for "friends" from all walks of life. So if you see a phrase such as 远朋近友, you will know exactly what it means. It has a deeper meaning than just the translation of "Friends from far and near"

Most words in modern Chinese consist of two characters. In some cases, we use 朋 and 友 to represent 朋友. Example: 远朋：远方的朋友， 旧友：相识多年的朋友. BTW, 朋 has multiple meanings in ancient Chinese, not necessarily means friends.

I don't think that kind of dictionary exists [emoji][emoji] I think it is by experience, if you listen more you'll know whether a letter alone sound smooth(not weird) in a conversation