The sentence would make perfect sense and mean basically the same thing without the 'got'. The appropriate form of the verb 'to get' is often added, particularly in speech, when it is not, strictly speaking, necessary. However 'get started' does seem to have a slight nuance that it required some effort to start than 'start' alone. Got is a simple past. As I said, this is a common construction in real life English, that might not be taught in grammar books