Simple past is used if an action happened in the past and finished. I walked, I ate- they happen, they are over
Present perfect- I have eatne, I have gone... implies that the activity started in the past, continued on and is still possibly going on up to now.
Past perfect- 'I had gone to Europe twice', is something that started int he past, went on, then ended in the past.
So, is the advisor still helping you? then 'Have helped me throguhout the past year'. Did they help you one time and stop? 'Helped me'. Did they help you last year but aren't helping you now? then 'Had helped me through the past year.