No, it's not right - there's an important preposition missing. You talk TO a person, so you have to include the word 'to' in this sentence.
Here are some possibilities:
"She is going to meet the one to whom she talked on the phone" - very awkward and unnatural
"She is going to meet the one whom she talked to on the phone" - a strange mix of formal and informal
"She is going to meet the one who she talked to on the phone" - a bit more natural
"She is going to meet the one she talked to the phone" - natural (inserting 'to' but omitting the relative pronoun)
"She is going to meet the person she talked to on the phone" - most natural of all. This is what a native speaker would say.