🎯 How to Pronounce -ED in English
There are 3 ways to pronounce -ED at the end of regular past verbs. It depends on the final sound, not spelling:
1️⃣ /t/ like "tea"
Use /t/ after voiceless sounds (no throat buzz).
🧠 Final sound = p, k, f, s, sh, ch → use /t/
👉 Test it:
Put your hand on your throat.
“ssss” = no buzz ❌
“zzz” = buzz ✅
🎈Examples:
talk → talked = /tɔːkt/
laugh → laughed = /læft/
jump → jumped = /dʒʌmpt/
🧠 Final sound = p, k, f, s, sh, ch → use /t/
2️⃣ /d/ like "dog"
Use /d/ after voiced sounds (throat vibrates).
🧠 Final sound = l, n, m, r, g, b, v, z, vowels → use /d/
🎈Examples:
play → played = /pleɪd/
call → called = /kɔːld/
clean → cleaned = /kliːnd/
3️⃣ /ɪd/ like "wanted"
Use /ɪd/ after verbs ending in /t/ or /d
💬 We add a syllable to make it easier to say.
🎈Examples:
want → wanted = /ˈwɒn.tɪd/
decide → decided = /dɪˈsaɪ.dɪd/
invite → invited = /ɪnˈvaɪ.tɪd/
💡TIP: Always check the final sound, not the last letter!
