The first one is different. He called me names is to insult someone, for example, "you idiot!" The second two are similar to each other: 'told me off' means scolded me. Example 'The angry mother scolded/told off her children' I think ''chewed me out' is an American expression with a similar meaning to scolded. I do not think it is used in British English.

He called my names.It's “my”instead of“me”.

he called ''my''name