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Hallo! Givvet hee och Lehrer för Kölsch? Ich hon gesehe, dat en paar vun de Huhdeutschlehrer orgenal us Kölle kumme, ävver dat heiß hügg jo off nix mih, weil de junge Lück dat off jo gar nit mih richtig spreche künne. Alsu, wann Ehr Kölsch künnt un et villleich och ungerrichte wollt, dann saht Bescheid!
4 Thg 01 2026 03:35
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Middle Egyptian (Allen) anybody?
Thinking of dusting off my Middle Egyptian from over 20 years ago, using Allen's introduction (https://www.amazon.com/Middle-Egyptian-Introduction-Language-Hieroglyphs/dp/1107663288/ref=dp_ob_title_bk). There is a glyph study group out there, but they are mailing list-only and I am looking for an "accountability partner" for a weekly check-in. Any other crazies out there, ideally in a US compatible time-zone?

P.S.: Posting this under English because italki does not recognize Middle Egyptian and does not have an "other" option ... plus Allen's grammar is written in English, although I'd be happy to use Schenkel or even Junge ;-)
11 tháng 5 năm 2020
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When did research start to mean look up?

When I first learned English, research was part of the process of scientific enquiry and would usually involve at least a three months' project, at the end of which there'd be some data and hopefully some conclusions.

Nowadays, I see a lot of people write they "did research on the internet". Sorry, no: you googled it :-). That's called to look up, I thought. So, what happened here? Generations of school teachers telling kids to do their research (after eating their veggies)? Or am I being too strict and my age is showing? :-D

28 tháng 1 năm 2018
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文读和白读 (普通话,闽南话,西班牙文,英文) This is a difficult topic, so maybe I should have written in English ;-). But then again, I am learning Chinese, not English and Chinese is the main topic, so I will do my best. Leave me a comment if you could understand what I was trying to say and find it remotely interesting :-)! 《白日依山尽,黄河入海流》 “Piék lít i san tsin, Hông Hô dzíp hái lîu"。我们在听一个台湾人用台语(=闽南语)唱诗。“难道这是闽南语吗?”:朋友问我。因为一般来说,“白”在闽南语是[péh],”山“ 的读音是[soã],“黄”的读音是[ng],“流”的读音是[lâu] ... 所以上面的发音有点奇怪。其实就是闽南语 - 是闽南语的文读。 中国方言都有“文白异读”现象。在普通话“白”的读音是[bái],不过李白的名字也可以念[li bó]。"血"在“流血”念[xuè],不过在“血缘”也可以读[xiě]。“色”的读音是[sè],但是在几种情况下也念[shǎi]。"bái, xuè, shǎi"都是白读,"bó, xiě, sè"却都是文读。 在普通话这种有文白异读的字比较少,但是闽南话有丰富的文白异读的现象。每个字都有白读和文读: “一”: 白读是[tsit] 文读是 [it] “大”: 白读是[tua] 文读是 [tai] “学”: 白读是[ oh] 文读是 [hak] .... 等等。有个字也有三个读音: “石头”读[chioh tau],“石榴”念[siah-liu],“药石”读[iok-sek]。这是说,“石”的读音是 “chioh“ 或者"siah" 或者 "sek"。 白读是汉朝来到南方的古代中文,文读却是唐朝的官话。所以文读听起来像普通话(和广东话),但是白读跟普通话的差别比较大:比如“食”的白读是[chiah],“人”的白读是[lang]。说闽南话的时候两种读音用在一起,比如:“大学生伫大学读册” [tai-hak-seng ti toa-oh thak-chheh]。 [taihakseng]是文读,[toa-oh]是白读。唱诗的时候却应该用文读。所以《白日依山尽,黄河入海流》的发音应该是 “Piék lít i san tsin ..."。 这让我想一想:其他的语言也有“文白异读”的现象吗? 有!比如在西班牙文: 拉丁语: pleno- (满): lleno 和 plenitud 拉丁语: filio- (子): hijo 和 afiliación 拉丁语: oculo- (目): ojo 和 ocular 拉丁语: pecto- (胸): pecho 和 pectoral 拉丁语: audir- (闻): oir 和 audible 西班牙文当然不用汉字但是现象是一模一样的:拉丁语的“oculo"变成了"ojo",但是在”ocular"我们用文言的发音。 在英文呢?也有,但是英语的情况比较复杂: (1) 一方面有从拉丁语来的词: 拉丁语: magister (君,主人) -> mister, master, magister 拉丁语: factu- (事) -> feat, fact 拉丁语: senior (老) -> sir, senior 拉丁语: regali- (王之) -> real, royal, regal (2)另一方面还有从印欧语的时代有古老关系的词,比如: ocu(lo) (目): eye 和 ocular auri- (耳): ear 和 auricular ple(no) (满): full 和 plenary nocti- (夜) : night 和 nocturnal I better stop before I go too crazy with this topic :-). But before looking into this I had thought that this was a Chinese 方言 topic only - turns out it is not: I am now inclined to think that whenever you have a prestige form of a language (Latin - Spanish, Mandarin - "Dialect"), this kind of thing is likely to happen. Cheers, Aurelio
25 tháng 12 năm 2017
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[閩]: How to say "whomever I tell this" in 台語/福建話?

Note: If 閩 / 台語 / 福建話 is not your thing, please ignore this post! :-D 

The other day, I was trying to write my first notebook entry in Hokkien, and got stuck on this sentence: "No matter whom I tell that I am learning Hokkien, they will always ask me: "Why do you want to learn Hokkien? That's just a dialect ... (國語:無論我告訴誰我在學習福建話, 他們都會問我: "你怎麼想學習福建話? 這就是方言..." ) So, I know how to say it in Mandarin, but how to say the "whomever" part in Hokkien? We cannot use 告訴 ...which makes the grammar tricky.

The best I could come up with is:

    "無論我共啥人講我咧學福建話, 伊人會問我: 汝是按怎想欲學福建話?“

    (bô-lūn goá ka siâN-lâng kóng goá te óh hók-kiàn-oē, i-lâng e mng goá: "lí si án-tsoáN siūN-beh óh hók-kiàn-uē?").

But does it sound natural to you? Or would you say it differently? Thanks much for any feedback!

Cheers,

Aurelio


16 tháng 12 năm 2017
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汝為甚物想欲學閩南話? 中國朋友常常問我: Tiong-kok-pêng-iú siông-siông mng goá: 「汝是按怎想欲學福建話? 這是方言 ... 」 "Lí sī án-choáN siūN-beh óh hók-kiàn-uē? Che sī hong-giân ..." 看起來, 這是一へ真奇怪へ代誌. KhoàN-khí-lâi, che sī chit-e chin khî-koài ê tāi-tsì. 但是我感覺學福建話へ理由真濟: Tān-sī goá gám-kak óh hók-kiàn-uē-ê lí-iû chin tsuē: 首先, 這是我太太へ母語. Siú-sian, che sī goá tài-tài ê bó-gí. 伊會曉講我へ母語, 所以我應該講伊へ. I ē-hiáu kóng goá-ê bó-gí, só-í goá eng-kai kóng i-ê. 其次, 閩南話這へ語言真正趣味. Khî-chhù, bân-lâm-uē chit-e gí-giân chin-chiàN chhù-bī. 音, 語法, 詞彙攏共其他へ中國方言無[相同] (that character won't show) Im, gí-hoat, sû-huē lóng ka khî-tha-e tiong-kok hong-giân bô-siâng. 最後也有一へ特殊へ本地文化. Tsoē-āu iá ū chit-e ték-sû-e bún-toē bûn-hoà. 恁捌毋捌台灣へ「古詩吟唱」? Lín bat m bat tâi-oân-e kóo-su gîm-chhiòng? 伊人「唱」唐詩, 真正有意思. I-lâng chhiùN Tong-su, chin-chiàN ū ì-su. Wow, that was harder to write than I thought :-). Sorry if a lot sounds like translated from Mandarin (because it is). Maybe there will be a Hokkien / Minnan / Tâigí speaker who can correct my text? Or let me know if you could understand it :-)? In case you are curious: the transcription is POJ (白話字) - different from pinyin (and similar to IPA). The characters are my best guess at the 本字 / TW dictionary standard. Thanks in advance for any feedback! Aurelio
14 tháng 12 năm 2017
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For native speakers: kindly as an adjective before reply, reminder - incorrect, old fashioned, regional?

Dear all,

I often see the expression "a kindly reminder" or "thanks for your kindly reply" in emails - typically from China or India. While kindly can be an adjective (a kindly old man, a kindly fairy, a kindly breeze, a kindly disposition) this particular usage feels incorrect to my ears - or is it just old-fashioned and survived regionally, like "please do the needful"?

A quick google only yields a dollop of misinformation like "kindly is used as an adverb here" (nope, reply is a noun in this case) or "kindly can NEVER be used as an adjective" (wrong, see above) before delving into exhaustive lists of how "kind" can be used, which is kind of unrelated ;-). Looking forward to your kind(ly) replies :-P

Thanks,

Aurelio

11 tháng 10 năm 2017
5
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-ます form before から: sometimes, never?

Dear all,

as far as I know, から normally follows the plain form when it means "because" and you leave it to the second half of the sentence to set the level of politeness. But I have found several books for beginners which have you form sentences like this:

(1) ちょうど向かいに二十階のビルが立って<font style="background-color: yellow;">いますから</font>、なにもみえません。「Assimil]

(2) あ、雨が降って<font style="background-color: yellow;">きましたから</font>、地下鉄にのりましょう。[Assimil]

(3) 私は中国語が少し<font style="background-color: yellow;">できますから</font>、おともしましょうか。[Assimil]

(4) 必ず<font style="background-color: yellow;">行きますから</font>、待っててください。[Assimil]

(5) 今週の土曜日に浅草でお祭りが<font style="background-color: yellow;">ありますから</font>、スミスさんは加藤さんと浅草にいきます。[Japanese for busy people]

(6) [talking about a restaurant]: ええ、時々来ます。美味しい<font style="background-color: yellow;">ですから</font>。[Japanese for busy people]

So, question for the native speakers: do all of these sound natural to you? Would you say it like this - or differently? Does it depend on the situation - or are some of these gaijin textbook phrases only (5 sounds particularly strange to me) ;-) Thanks much in advance!

Aurelio



21 tháng 9 năm 2017
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