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в прошлом году Добрый день Could someone help me here. I'm having difficulty with this phrase. Прошлое is a neuter noun. I was going to ask why it was being declined as an adjective, but now I see on one site that it just is. So now I understand that bit. OK, but I still am having problems with the году. I think I read something about that being the partitive case. Nooo! I just learned the locative case (as in в лесу), which was a bit odd for me, faced with all the other cases. Now I'm wondering what the partitive case is! So what is this partitive case?! :)

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There are a noun прошлое (neuter, only singular form) and adjectives прошлый, прошлая, прошлое (masculine, feminine, neuter - singular forms) - прошлые, прошлые, прошлые  (masculine, feminine, neuter - plural forms).

The noun: 

  1. Nominative  – именительный - прошлое
  2. Genitive – родительный - прошлого
  3. Dative – дательный - прошлому
  4. Accusative – винительный - прошлое
  5. Instrumental – творительный - прошлым
  6. Prepositional – предложный - прошлом
  7. Partitive - частичный - прошлого (= the same form as in genitive case)
  8. Locative - местный - (в) прошлом

So, прошлый год (adj. прошлый + noun год):

  1. Nominative  – именительный - прошлый год
  2. Genitive – родительный - прошлого года
  3. Dative – дательный - прошлому году
  4. Accusative – винительный - прошлый год
  5. Instrumental – творительный - прошлым годом
  6. Prepositional – предложный - прошлом годе
  7. Partitive - частичный - прошлого года (= the same form as in genitive case)
  8. Locative - местный - (в) прошлом году

But we would not use the partitive case as for the noun as for the adjective because there is no sence to do it (it will be meaningless phrase). So, we would use the genitive case only.

The partitive case is used to indicate a part of a whole, and mostly has the same form as the genitive case.
for ex.
Съешь сыр (accusative case) = Eat the cheese. vs Съешь сыра (partitive case) = Eat some cheese.
Выпей чай. (accusative case) = Drink the tea. vs Выпей чая. (partitive case) = Drink some tea.
Принеси мне молоко. (accusative case) = Bring me the milk. vs Принеси мне молока. (partitive case) = Bring me some milk.

P.S. Don't beat your brains out with the partitive case because it's may be useful to understand some grammar forms but actually as a begginer you need to internalize the 6 basic cases. 99% of Russian natives have no idea what it the partitive case is ;-)
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Thanks, Amir and Andrew. The link works (and I put it in my favourites), and I didn't know about прошлый as an adjective - this is all a bit new for me.
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Прошлое as a noun (neuter only) means past, history. Прошлый as an adjective means last, bygone. So, в прошлом году - last year.
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Hello David. I hope this will help: http://masterrussian.net/f15/use-partitive-case-russian-19390/

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