There is not too much difference, the 3 words can be used as conjunction to express a transition .
eg.
不过
他个子很高,不过也很胖。
可是
我很想去,可是我已经很累了。
但是
她虽然不漂亮,但是很善良。
but of course it has some subtle distinction:
1.The transition mood of the 3 words from strong to weak is 但是>可是>不过.不过is much infolmal than 可是 and 但是。
2.不过 also means just,only
他不过是个孩子。 He is only a child.