No, belleza is also, like in english, a very poetical word, and you can use it the way you did. Anyway, in your sentence I would prefer using a verb other than ver, as "observar" or "descubrir" or "buscar".

" See the beauty in every day " = " Ver la belleza en cada día " You can use the word "belleza" in many situations, to speak about a person, music, poetry, even to describe the presentation of a plate of food !!!

"beauty" and "pulchritude" are the perfect translations of "belleza", and you can use them EXACTLY into the same way you use those words to talk in english. I hope I'd helped you!